Boolean algebra, named after George Boole. The Boolean data type is a common to most programming languages - only two values - True (1) or False (0). One is true, nothing is false.
Boolean operators allow you to combine or invert boolean data types - the three basic ones are AND, OR and NOT.
Control flow in programming is how you control the flow of which part of the program is executed next.
The third dimension is usually described in terms of a new letter: z.
The direction and orientation of the three dimensions varies in a similar way to the way the direction of y varies in two dimensions between high school graphs and digital screen co-ordinates, so always check which way is what.
4. Moving from two spatial dimensions to three (continued)
One way of storing three dimensional information is using point clouds.
The output of three dimensional scanners is often in point clouds - a grid of positions, each with a depth value - think of Pin Art toys from the 1980's.
Another way of storing three dimensional data is to use Voxels (from the initial letters of volume and element, with the insertion of -x- for ease of pronunciation).
Voxels can be a super efficient way of storing three dimension information - used for everything from MRI scanners to Minecraft.